FREE IELTS TEST FOR YOU KABABAYAN

The IELTS (International English Language Training System) is the standardized test that Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) recognizes as proof of English language ability for immigration purposes. 

Some Canadian immigration applicants are required to take the IELTS to demonstrate that they have sufficient English language ability to integrate into Canadian society and the Canadian work force. 

Take this opportunity to practice your English and familiarize yourself with the IELTS test. Canadavisa has 8 free IELTS practice tests available - 2 Listening, 2 Reading, 2 Writing, and 2 Speaking. These tests were prepared by IELTS professionals and will give you a good sense of what the IELTS test will be like.  (Please Note: Due to the nature of the tests, only the Listening and Reading tests can be automatically graded.)

Listening Practice Test #1

Listening Practice Test #2 

 Listening Video Tutorial

Reading Practice Test #1

Reading Practice Test #2 

 Reading Video Tutorial

Writing Practice Test #1

Writing Practice Test #2 

 Writing Video Tutorial

Speaking Practice Test #1 

Speaking Practice Test #2 

 Speaking Video Tutorial

IELTS Band Score Calculator

The four sections of the IELTS (Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking) are measured on a Band Score system from 1-9. To receive the maximum number of points for English language ability on a Federal Skilled Worker application, applicants who are required to take the IELTS, must obtain a Band score of 7.5 or higher in the Listening component and a 6.5 or higher in the other three components. 

Calculate your approximate Band Score based on your free practice test results:

Listening: Correct answers out of 40 

Reading: Correct answers out of 40 

Speaking: Details on how the IELTS Band Score is determined by examiners.

Writing:   Details on how the IELTS Band Score is determined by examiners.

HOPE THIS WILL BE A GREAT HELP FOR ALL OF YOU A SAMPLE TEST FOR IELTS

GOOD LUCK MGA KABABAYAN....

LATEST NEWS FOR Canada Temporary Work Permit

Each year, close to 200,000 foreign skilled workers come to work in Canada on Temporary Work Permits.

In order to work in Canada on a temporary basis, foreign skilled workers must have a temporary offer of employmentfrom a Canadian employer and be granted a Temporary Work Permit by Human Resources and Skills Development Canada (HRSDC).  There are several steps to this process.

• Step 1: Employer applies for Labour Market Opinion, if necessary
  
  

  Before a Canada Work Permit can be issued, the Canadian employer who wishes to hire temporary foreign workers may need to apply for and be granted a positive Labour Market Opinion (LMO) by HRSDC.  HRSDC will grant a positive LMO if they are satisfied that there is no Canadian worker available to do the job.

  
  

  Work Permits may be issued by Canadian immigration officials without the LMO requirement in a limited number of situations, as follows:

  • Under international agreements, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA);
  • Due to the significant economic, social or cultural benefits the work activity will bring to Canadians;
  • As part of reciprocal agreements Canada and its provinces/territories have entered into with other countries, such as youth and teacher exchange programs;
  • So that international students studying in Canada can fulfill academic requirements, known as co-op placements;
  • To allow the spouses/common-law partners of Work Permit and certain Study Permit holders in Canada to work in Canada;
  • Because the nature of the work is charitable or religious;
  • In recognition that certain persons in Canada for reasons other than the above-mentioned, such as the making of a refugee claim, need to support themselves.
• 
  Step 2: Employer extends Temporary Job Offer
  Once the LMO is granted, the Canadian employer can extend a temporary job offer to the foreign skilled worker.  The employer must send a copy of the positive LMO along with a detailed job offer letter to the foreign skilled worker. 
  
  
• Step 3: Foreign Skilled Worker applies for Work Permit
  With these documents, the foreign skilled worker can apply to HRSDC for a Canada Temporary Work Permit.  If the Canadian employer that is hiring is in the province of Quebec, the foreign skilled worker may also need to obtain aCertificat d'acceptation du Québec (CAQ) in order to work temporarily in Quebec.  
• 
  Step 4: Work Permit is issued
  A Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) officer will issue the Canada Temporary Work Permit at the point of entry when the foreign worker arrives in Canada. 
  

Depending upon the foreign worker's country of citizenship, a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) may also need to be obtained in order to enter Canada. 

 Do you have a Canadian job offer and need a Work Permit? 

 Are you a Canadian Employer who needs to obtain Work Permits for new employees?

• Campbell Cohen's Work Permit Service can take care of the entire Work Permit process for both Canadian employers and foreign workers.

Note that a Canada Temporary Work Permit is for those foreign skilled workers who plan on working in Canada for a finite period of time.  To work and live in Canada on a Permanent basis, foreign workers must undertake the Canadian immigration process.

However, a Temporary Work Permit may be a stepping stone to Canadian Permanent Residency.  Once in Canada on a Temporary Work Permit, a foreign worker may qualify for Canadian immigration (Permanent Residency) under theCanadian Experience Class (CEC), through a Skilled Worker category, or through one of the Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP).

Work in Canada – Basic Facts

• For Canadian immigration purposes, "work" is defined as an activity for which remuneration is earned or as an activity that competes directly with activities of Canadian citizens or Permanent Residents in the Canadian labour market.
• Canadian immigration authorities require a Work Permit for a limited number of work related activities in Canada.
• A job offer from a Canadian employer is usually a prerequisite to receiving a Canadian Work Permit.
• In some instances, Canadian immigration regulations allow for "Open" Work Permits, which are not employer specific.
• Work Permits are always temporary in nature, but can often be extended from inside Canada.
• Normally, Work Permits will only be granted by Canadian immigration authorities if supported by a positive "Labour Market Opinion" (LMO) letter issued by Human Resources and Skills Development Canada (HRSDC), indicating that the proposed employment will not adversely affect Canadian workers.

Temporary Resident and Visitor Visas for Canada

Except for Canadian citizens and Permanent Residents, all others require permission to enter Canada as a visitor, with or without a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV).

Canada welcomes more than 35 million temporary residents (non-immigrants) each year.

Unless they are citizens of a visa-exempt country, individuals who wish to enter Canada for a temporary purpose, such as tourists, temporary foreign workers (work permits) and international students (study permits) must apply for and be granted a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV).

The TRV is a document issued by a Canadian Immigration Visa Office outside Canada, showing that the holder has satisfied the requirements for admission to Canada as a visitor. Temporary Resident Visas may be for single entry or multiple entry.

As a general rule, tourists are admitted for a period of six months. Temporary foreign workers and international students are admitted for varying periods of time, as determined on a case-by-case basis. Extensions may be applied for within Canada.

It is important to note that possession of a valid Temporary Resident Visa does not necessarily mean that the Citizenship and Immigration Canada Officer at the Canadian Port of Entry will admit the visitor into Canada. At the Port of Entry, all visitors must demonstrate that the purpose of their visit to Canada is of a temporary nature. Citizenship and Immigration Canada Officers at the Port of Entry will deny admission to all persons who, in their opinion, do not intend to leave Canada at the expiry of their visitor status.

In addition, criminality and medical issues may prevent a visitor from entering Canada. Visitors to Canada must also be able to prove their ability to support themselves during their intended temporary stay in Canada. 

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IMMIGRANT IS ALSO BEEN CALLED AS PERMANENT RESIDENT

A Permanent Resident in Canada

 is someone who is not a Canadian citizen but who has been granted permission to live and work in Canada without any time limit on his or her stay. A permanent resident must live in Canada for two years out of every five or risk losing that status.

A Permanent Resident holds many of the same rights and responsibilities as a Canadian citizen, among others the right to work for any enterprise as well as for the federal or provincial government (under restriction of access rights to certain regulated professions). The main differences are that residents cannot:

• vote in elections in Canada
• run for elected office,
• hold Canadian passports, nor
• join Canada's armed forces

Permanent residents also risk deportation for serious crimes committed while resident in Canada. Permanent residents may apply for Canadian citizenship after three years in Canada, however this is not mandatory

Permanent Resident Card

In 2002, the Department of Citizenship and Immigration started issuing the Permanent Resident Card (originally billed as the Maple Leaf Card) to all new Canadian permanent residents. All existing permanent residents were given the option of applying for a Permanent Resident Card at a cost of $50, though possessing a card is not mandatory except in the case of international travel. 

In effect from December 31, 2003, every permanent resident must be able to present his or her Permanent Resident Card upon boarding a commercial carrier (aircraft, train or bus) in order to travel to Canada. It looks like a bank card and it proves one's status meant to facilitate entry back to Canada. It incorporates several state-of-the-art security features among which is an electronic chip containing the necessary data.

As the Permanent Resident Card may only be issued in Canada, a single-use travel document is needed (for a fee) and can be obtained from Canadian embassies abroad for those permanent residents wishing to return to Canada and who do not possess it.

The Permanent Resident Card expires every five years, and then may be renewed by making application and proving that the applicant has been physically present in Canada for the requisite time period, or has otherwise satisfied the residency requirements. Although an individual may meet the residency requirements by living outside of Canada with a Canadian citizen spouse, or working outside Canada for a Canadian business, the Permanent Resident Card cannot be renewed without being present in Canada and having a Canadian address.

History - Landed immigrant

in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The term "Landed immigrant" ("Immigrant reçu" in French) is an old classification for a person who has been admitted to Canada as a rant non-Canadian citizenpermanent resident. The current official classification for such a person is simply "permanent resident". Nevertheless, the term "Landed immigrant" has been in use for so long that it is still part of the Canadian vocabulary and even still appears in some government publications and forms.

To become a landed immigrant from outside Canada, one has to legally enter Canada, or land, at one of the designated ports of entry. If granted a permanent residency visa while living in Canada as atemporary resident (for example on a study or work permit or holding a visitor record), the applicant must still officially land and achieve the landed immigrant status. Previously many have left the country through the USA/Canada border, either entering the USA or receiving a refusal notice, and then re-entered Canada through customs, but since late 2008 some, but not most, may now "land" at a Citizenship and Immigration Canada office in Canada

CATEGORIES TO BECOME AN IMMIGRANT IN CANADA

THESE ARE THE CATEGORIES

in applying for immigrant in CANADA

Skilled workers and professionals

Canadian Experience Class

Investors, entrepreneurs and self-employed people

Provincial nominees

family Class Immigration 


Live-in-Caregiver Program


Refugees

Skilled workers and professionals

•  (1)to permit Canada to pursue the maximum social, cultural and economic benefits of immigration; 
• (2) to support the development of a strong and prosperous Canadian economy, in which benefits of immigration are shared across all regions of Canada; 
• (3) to support, by means of consistent standards and prompt processing, the attainment of immigration goals established by the Government of Canada in consultation with provinces; 
• (4) to enrich and strengthen the cultural and social fabric of Canadian society, while respecting federal, bilingual and multicultural character of Canada.   

Eligibility

The applicants in Independent Class must have a minimum of one year of work experience in an occupation which included in General Occupations List , and then obtain at least 67 points which are granted  on basis of different Selection Criteriasuch as: age, education, language ability, years of working experience, family in Canada and personal adaptability.          

               

Is my application eligible for processing?

In order for your application to be eligible for processing, you must either:

• have an offer of arranged employment, OR
• be a foreign national living legally in Canada for one year as a temporary foreign worker or an international student, OR
• be a skilled worker who has at least one year of experience in one or more of the following occupations:
• 0111: Financial Managers
• 0213: Computer and Information Systems Managers
• 0311: Managers in Health Care
• 0631: Restaurant and Food Service Managers
• 0632: Accommodation Service Managers
• 0711: Construction Managers
• 1111: Financial Auditors and Accountants
• 2113: Geologists, Geochemists and Geophysicists
• 2143: Mining Engineers
• 2144: Geological Engineers
• 2145: Petroleum Engineers
• 3111: Specialist Physicians
• 3112: General Practitioners and Family Physicians
• 3141: Audiologists and Speech Language Pathologists
• 3143: Occupational Therapists
• 3142: Physiotherapists
• 3151: Head Nurses and Supervisors
• 3152: Registered Nurses
• 3215: Medical Radiation Technologists
• 3233: Licensed Practical Nurses
• 4121: University Professors
• 4131: College and Other Vocational Instructors
• 6241: Chefs
• 6242: Cooks
• 7213: Contractors and Supervisors, Pipefitting Trades
• 7215: Contractors and Supervisors, Carpentry Trades
• 7217: Contractors and Supervisors, Heavy Construction Equipment Crews
• 7241: Electricians (Except Industrial and Power System)
• 7242: Industrial Electricians
• 7251: Plumbers
• 7252: Steamfitters, Pipe fitters and Sprinkler System Installers
• 7265: Welders and Related Machine Operators
• 7312: Heavy-Duty Equipment Mechanics
• 7371: Crane Operators
• 7372: Drillers and Blasters – Surface Mining, Quarrying and Construction
• 8221: Supervisors, Mining and Quarrying
• 8222: Supervisors, Oil and Gas Drilling and Service
• 9212: Supervisors, Petroleum, Gas and Chemical Processing and Utilities

Who can be included in an application

Applications for permanent residence in Canada will include the principal applicant and all of his/her dependants as defined under "dependant" in Immigration Regulations.

   

Selection Criteria

The 6 selection criteria are set out in the Immigration Regulations. The values awarded for each of the selection criteria will be "locked in" or protected. The applicant will receive the value current on the day the application was submitted and the fees paid. This will occur regardless of the day on which paper screening or interview takes place. Should a subsequent change in the values occur which would be to the applicant's advantage, the applicant may receive the benefit of the additional points of assessment. The applicant will not suffer from any decrease in the value of any of the selection criteria.

       

Assessment of Occupations

The assessment of occupation will be conducted by an immigration officer to determine whether the applicant is qualified to work in the proposed occupation in Canada. The onus is always upon the principal applicant to show that he/she meets selection requirements. Informal CCPE accreditation could serve as an evidence that an applicant deserves to be coded to a certain occupation, and is capable of establishing successfully in Canada.

             

Admissibility

Independent applicants are inadmissible if they or their dependants are likely to be a danger to public health or to public safety or if their admission would cause or might cause excessive demands on health or social services. Independent applicants and dependants must be admissible to Canada under all sections of Immigration Act 19 relating to criminalityand security concerns.

   

Selection Interview

The Immigration Regulations provide immigration officers with a right to call any applicant and/or any of the applicant's dependants (whether they plan to accompany or not) for an interview. 

             

Selection Interview Waiver

Applicants who meet one of the following criteria would have an interview waiver:

if the information provided on the application form and accompanying documents clearly shows that an applicant will accumulate sufficient points of assessment to meet the 67 points pass mark; if an applicant fail to accumulate sufficient points of assessment and have no chance of accumulating sufficient points during an interview.

Processing Times The data based on our subjective experience in dealing with the different Canada's Visa Posts.

  

Frequently Asked Immigration Questions The set of the answers to the questions and problems which are experienced by most of the persons considering immigration to Canada. The section starts with basic questions concerning Canadian immigration and leads you step-by-step through the process.

Business Class Program Objectives

Canada's Business Immigration Program seeks to promote economic development and employment by attracting successful business people who have abilities and resources to invest or establish businesses in Canada.  The program also seeks to develop new commercial opportunities and to improve access to growing foreign markets by "importing" people who are familiar with those markets and their special requirements and customs. The federal, provincial and territorial governments encourage prospective business immigrants to invest in Canada. Over the years, thousands of foreign business people have found Canada to be an excellent place to invest capital and to apply their particular business know - how to Canadian ventures.   Business immigrants, who represent nearly 10% of total immigrants, include investors, entrepreneurs and self-employed immigrants. Selection criteria vary for each category.

   

The Business Class Immigrants submit their applications for Permanent Resident Visa at a Business Immigration Centres, located in the following dedicated Embassies or High Commission Offices:

     

Beijing, China

Hong Kong

London, United Kingdom

Paris, France

Bonn, Germany

Seoul, South Korea,

Singapore, Singapore

Damascus, Syria

Buffalo, USA

     

    

Investor Changes have been introduced to improve the Federal Business Immigration Program and to enhance the potential economic contribution of the business immigrants to Canada. Improved selection criteria place greater emphasis on Entrepreneurs and Investors with a strong business background and the ability to integrate into the Canada's business community. Below are the links providing description and requirements of Provincial Investor Immigration Programs:

  

Nova Scotia;

Price Edward Island;

Newfoundland;

Quebec;

British Columbia.

Entrepreneur The Entrepreneur program was developed to encourage the entry of experienced business persons to Canada who are able to make a substantial investment and thereby create employment and contribute to the economic well-being of Canada. Below are the links providing description and requirements of Provincial Entrepreneur Immigration Programs:

  

Nova Scotia;

Price Edward Island;

Newfoundland;

New Brunswick;

Quebec;

Manitoba;

Saskatchewan;

British Columbia;

Yukon.

  

Self-Employed The applicant must show that he/she has been able to support himself and family through his talents and would be likely to continue to do so in Canada. This includes the ability to be self-supporting until his employment opportunity will be created.

Provincial Nominee

   

  

The Provincial Nominee Program allows each provincial government to nominate or select immigrants who will contribute to the specific industrial, economic and labour market needs of that province.  Each province is allowed to establish its own selection criteria and procedures to choose immigrants according to their ability to integrate and successfully settle in that province.    

        

Similar to the Independent Immigration Program, applicants are selected on the basis of a point system. Points are awarded for the different Selection Criteria which include age, education, intended occupation, guaranteed employment, language ability, occupational demand and years of experience, family in Canada, adaptability. Each province sets the number of points to be attributed to each category.

       

Applicants must intend to reside in the province in which they apply.  Once an applicant has been nominated under the program, the province will issue the applicant a Provincial Nominee Certificate. A person who is nominated by the province can then apply for a Permanent Resident visa at a visa office abroad. Citizenship and Immigration Canada retains the authority to make the final decision applying existing federal selection and admissibility criteria, including security, criminal, and medical factors for the candidates who obtained Provincial Nominee Certificates.    

       

The following provinces presently established their programs.

    

Newfoundland 

New Brunswick

Manitoba

Saskatchewan

British Columbia

Quebec

edmonton is not included in the list..

  

Family Class Program Objective

A key objective of Canada's immigration policy is to help families reunite in Canada. Family class immigrants are the persons sponsored by relatives to come to Canada. 

Qualifications

To qualify as a member of a Family Class the principal applicant must be a sponsor's:

spouse 16 years of age or older; dependent child(ren) including a child adopted before age of 22, who are: under age 22 and unmarried; or have been continuously enrolled and in attendance as a full time student in educational institution and financially supported by their parents since turning 22 (or from the date of marriage if married before the age of 22); unable to support themselves due to a medical conditions and are financially supported by their parents. parent or grandparent brother, sister, nephew, niece, or grandchild who is an orphan, under age 22 and unmarried; child under age of 22 who will be adopted in Canada and who is an orphan, or an abandoned; child whose parents cannot be identified, or child who has been placed with a child welfare authority for adoption because: a child was born out of wedlock; the child's parents are separated; one of the child's parents is deceased. relative, regardless of the age or relationship to the sponsor, where the sponsor does not have any relatives (a spouse, son, daughter, mother, father, brother, sister, grandparent, aunt, uncle, niece, or nephew) but the relative which sponsor intents to sponsor; undergo and pass medical examination; not to be criminally or otherwise inadmissible; be bona fide immigrants: the Family Class does not include a spouse who entered into the marriage primarily for the purpose of gaining admissions to Canada as a member of the family class and not with intention of residing permanently with the other spouse; the family Class does not include a person who is adopted, or is intended to be adopted otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of the Hague Convention.

Where a sponsor does not have any relatives, listed above, to sponsor, and where he or she has no close relatives in Canada who are permanent residents or Canadian citizens, he or she may sponsor one relative regardless of his or her age or relationship to him or her.  

  

To be eligible as a sponsor an applicant must:        

be a Canadian citizen or Permanent Resident; be 19 years of age or older; reside in Canada unless sponsoring a spouse or child under 22; sign an undertaking to provide for the relative's essential needs for the period of 10 years; provide the government of Canada with statement that shows financial resources and obligations for the period of 12 months prior to the date of sponsorship application submission; meet the Low Income Cut-Off figures unless sponsoring a spouse or child under 22; sign an agreement with the sponsored relatives agreeing to meet the terms of the undertaking.

Live-in-Caregiver

   

  

The live-in caregiver program permits professional caregivers to seek employment in Canada. It also permits these live-in Caregivers to seek permanent residence in Canada after working as a live-in caregiver under the program for at least two years.

General Requirements

The term "live-in caregiver" is defined by the Immigration Regulations as a person who provides, without supervision, in a private household in Canada in which the person resides, child care, senior home support care or care of the disabled. Based on this definition, such a person must provide care to children, seniors or the disabled on a live-in basis.

   

According to the Immigration Regulations, an applicant under the live-in caregiver program must:

Successful completion of the equivalent of a Canadian high school education. This requirement will help to ensure that participants who apply for permanent residence after two years will be able to succeed in the general labour market. Studies indicate that the majority of new jobs in Canada require at least a high school education. Six months of full-time training or 12 months of experience in paid employment in a field or occupation related to the job you are seeking as a live-in caregiver. You may have gained your training or experience in early childhood education, geriatric care, pediatric nursing or first aid, to name just a few areas. You may have completed your training as part of your formal education. In order to meet the criteria for experience, you must have completed one year of full-time paid employment, including at least six months of continuous employment with one employer, in that field or occupation. This experience must have been obtained within the three years immediately prior to the day on which you submit an application for an employment authorization to a visa officer. Ability to speak, read and understand either English or French. You must be able to function independently in a home setting. For example, you must be able to contact emergency services if required and to understand labels on medication. You will be unsupervised for most of the day and may be put in a position of having to communicate with someone outside the home. A good knowledge of English or French will also enable you to read and understand for yourself what your rights and obligations are.

Application 

The employer initiates the procedure by submitting a request to hire the caregiver to a Canada Employment Centre ("CEC"). The CEC will ensure that no Canadians, permanent residents or other temporary workers already in Canada are qualified and available to take the employer's offer of employment. Once the offer of employment has been validated by the CEC, it is sent to the consulate in the caregiver's home country. The consulate then make a determination regarding the caregiver's eligibility.

  

If the consulate approves the application, the caregiver has a medical examination. If the medical results are satisfactory and the caregiver is otherwise eligible, an employment authorization is issued.

  

Because the Province of Quebec controls its own immigration, the live-in caregiver program is administered differently in that province. A discussion of Quebec's program is outside the scope of this article.

   

Landed Immigrant Status for Live-In Caregivers

The Immigration Act permits certain applicants who have worked in Canada as live-in caregivers to seek permanent residence. The  "member of the live-in caregivers in Canada class" is defined as an immigrant who:

is in Canada as a live-in caregiver, has submitted the immigrant’s initial application for an employment authorization as a live-in caregiver to a visa office, is in possession of a valid and subsisting employment authorization to work as a live-in caregiver, has completed a total of two years of full-time employment in Canada as a live-in caregiver within three years after being admitted to Canada, and is not, or whose dependants are not, the subject of an inquiry under the Act or of an appeal or application for judicial review following an inquiry under the Act. Conventional Refugee       One of the stated objectives of Canada's Immigration Act is to "fulfill Canada's international legal obligation with respect to refugees and to uphold its humanitarian tradition with respect to the displaced and persecuted".           Admissibility  Refugees are not subject to the formal "point system" employed to evaluate the skills and adaptability of independent immigrants.     ` Nevertheless, the refugee' ability to adapt successfully to Canadian life is taken into account. Level of education, job skills and knowledge of English or French may be used as guides in determining whether an applicant will be able to adapt successfully. Also, the amount of financial and other settlement assistance available to the applicant may determine admissibility. In some cases, a refugee may not be admitted because of security or health reasons.      The need for the resettlement, however, is the overriding consideration. if there are compelling humanitarian reasons, persons who do not meet statutory requirements - or who require urgent admission - may be issued Minister's permits in order to waive admissibility requirements.       Criteria          Refugees applying from outside of Canada may be sponsored by the federal government or by private organizations or groups of individuals. Applications are assessed by a foreign service officer who determines whether the individual meets Canada's definition of a refugee and is likely to settle successfully, given the level of assistance available. If accepted, the applicant is given a visa and becomes a permanent resident of Canada upon arrival.            In order to be classified a refugee, applicants must meet one of the following determinations: Convention refugee are persons who, by reason of well-founded fear of persecution, for reason of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group, are unable or unwilling to return to their countries of birth or habitual residence. Members of designated classes are persons in refugee-like situations who are in need of resettlement, even though they may not meet the strict definition of convention refugee. This class is determined by the federal minister responsible to international events or crises. Current designated classes are applicants from Yugoslavia, Rwanda, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Guatemala.  Special humanitarian measures may be implemented for people from countries experiencing national emergencies or natural disasters, who have relatives in Canada and do not meet the definition of refugee, in order lawfully bring them to Canada.  The in-Canada refugee determination process is designed to deal with refugee claimants who arrive in Canada without prior assessment and apply for refugee status.         Assistance A person who has been determined to be a refugee and is granted admission to Canada may require some assistance. In these cases, assistance by the Canadian government or sponsorship by a Canadian group may be arranged. this sponsorship can help by providing settlement assistance for up to one year. The assistance may include housing, food, clothing, incidental expenses, community orientation, help in finding a job and some support in dealing with the challenges of settling in a new country. Refugees are also eligible for all benefits and social assistance programs available to permanent residence of Canada.